Speaking Memories

The Last Witnesses of the Holocaust

An exhibition room where a series of photographed portraits are displayed along the walls.
Digital exhibition
Speaking Memories – The Last Witnesses of the Holocaust is an exhibition dedicated to those who were there. People who survived.

By presenting portraits and testimonies, the exhibition focuses on survivors who came to Sweden after the Holocaust. The exhibition is produced by Jewish Culture in Sweden and the Swedish History Museum (part of the National Historical Museum, the Swedish Holocaust Museum). The portraits were photographed by Karl Gabor.

In 1945, at the end of World War II, about 10 000 Jewish survivors arrived in Sweden.  They brought with them memories of murdered family members, of communities that had disappeared and of a world now lost forever. And they started a new life here. For many of them it was difficult to talk about what they had experienced. But now they have chosen to step forward and share their life histories with us. These witnesses give us unique insights into what it is like to live under constant persecution. Their message is how important humanity is for survival. 

Below you can click on the person you want to read more about.

Adèle Schreiber
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Adèle Schreiber

Born on August 20, 1922 in Satu Mare, Transylvania (today Romania). Died April 7, 2021

Alice Breuer
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Alice Breuer

Born on November 24, 1926 in Szombathely, Hungary. Died March 11, 2017

Benjamin Grünfeld
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Benjamin Grünfeld

Born May 6, 1928 in Kolozsvár, Hungary (today Sluj, Romania). Died Mars 26, 2021, Stockholm

Bruno Frister
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Bruno Frister

Born on December 26, 1926 in Radom, Poland. Died 2023

Elisabeth Citrom
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Elisabeth Citrom

Born on October 8, 1931 in Transylvania (today Romania)

Elisabeth Masur
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Elisabeth Masur

Born on December 2, 1927 in Sevlus, Tzechoslovakia (today Vynohradiv, Ukraine)

Emerich Roth
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Emerich Roth

Born on August 28, 1924 in Sevlus, Tzechoslovakia (today Vynohradiv, Ukraine). Died January 22, 2022, Stockholm

Eugenia Göndör
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Eugenia Göndör

Born on July 26, 1931 in Warsaw, Poland. Died February 2, 2024, Stockholm

Eva Cohn
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Eva Cohn

Born in July 28, 1929 in Kál, Hungary

Franciska Levy
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Franciska Levy

Born on April 15, 1928 in Chust, Tzechoslovakia (now Khust, Ukraine)

Franz Cohn
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Franz Cohn

Born on March 18, 1927 in Chemnitz, Germany. Died April 29, 2023, Stockholm

Georg Citrom
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Georg Citrom

Born on April 2, 1931 in Oradea, Transylvania (now Romania). Died September 2, 2017

György Fenyö
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

György Fenyö

Born on June 20, 1936 in Budapest, Hungary

Hania Rosenberg
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Hania Rosenberg

Born on December 11,1934 in Oświęcim, Poland

Hédi Fried
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Hédi Fried

Born on June 15, 1924 in Sighet, Transylvania (Romania). Died November 19, 2022, Stockholm

Jozef Bornstein
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Jozef Bornstein

Born on December 19, 1922 in Tomaszow, Poland

Liselotte Levy
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Liselotte Levy

Born on September 23, 1927 in Giessen/Hessen, Germany

Livia Fränkel
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Livia Fränkel

Born on September 4, 1927 in Sighet, Transylvania (now Romania). Died May 31, 2025, Stockholm

Mala Freund
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Mala Freund

Born on September 1, 1929 i Łódź, Poland. Died November 20, 2022, Stockholm

Max Safir
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Max Safir

Born on November 10, 1925 in Kielce, Poland. Died June 9, 2020, Stockholm

Mietek Grocher
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Mietek Grocher

Born on November 25, 1926 in Warsaw, Poland. Died December 25, 2017, Stockholm

Piotr Zettinger
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Piotr Zettinger

Born on May 23 , 1938 in Warsaw, Poland

Rosa Bornstein
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Rosa Bornstein

Born on November 20, 1930 in, Dańdówka, Poland

Ruth Berlinger
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Ruth Berlinger

Born on September 10, 1931 in Warsaw, Poland

Susanna Christensen
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Susanna Christensen

Born on February 8, 1933 in Makó, Hungary

Tauba Katzenstein
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Tauba Katzenstein

Born on December 27, 1925 in Łódź, Poland. Died March 28, 2020 in Stockholm

Tobias Rawet
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Tobias Rawet

Born on February 12, 1936 in Łódź, Poland

Walter Frankenstein
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Walter Frankenstein

Born on June 30, 1924 in Flatow, Germany (now Złotów, Poland)

Zsuzsanna Reisch
Photo: Karl Gabor/Jewish Culture in Sweden

Zsuzsanna Reisch

Born on September 15, 1936 in Budapest, Hungary

About Speaking Memories

The Exhibition Speaking Memories – The Last Witnesses of the Holocaust is produced by Jewish Culture in Sweden and The Swedish History Museum. The project started in 2015 and developed into a unique exhibition with portraits, testimony archive and artefacts which has been on exhibit in different places around Sweden. Portraits of survivors of the Holocaust is the heart of the exhibition. The photos are commissioned from photographer Karl Gabor by Jewish Culture in Sweden.  

The survivors in the portraits are vivid, expressive and colorful. You encounter them as human beings rather than art objects. Above all they capture the dignity and integrity of the survivors of the most atrocious crime in modern history – the attempt to totally exterminate Europe’s Jews.

Lizzie Oved Scheja, Director Jewish Culture in Sweden

In collaboration with

Jewish Culture in Sweden